What unit measures the absorbed dose of radiation?

The gray is the unit that measures the absorbed dose of radiation, quantifying the amount of energy deposited by ionizing radiation in a mass of tissue. One gray is defined as the absorption of one joule of radiation energy per kilogram of matter. This measurement is crucial in fields like radiology and radiation therapy, as it helps assess how much radiation the body or specific tissues have absorbed during diagnostic procedures or treatment.

In contrast, the coulomb refers to a unit of electric charge, and is unrelated to measuring absorbed doses of radiation. The sievert is a unit used to measure radiation dose equivalent, which accounts for the biological effects of radiation on human tissue, making it more relevant for assessing the risk of radiation exposure rather than the dose itself. Lastly, the roentgen is a unit that specifically measures exposure to X-rays and gamma rays in air, rather than the absorbed dose in tissues. Thus, while all these units relate to radiation in some capacity, the gray is specifically designed to measure the absorbed dose.